主办单位：上海医药行业协会
10 March 2025, Volume 46 Issue 3
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 3-5.
With the rapid development of human milk bank construction in China, donated human milk (DHM) feeding has become a new choice for high-risk newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit. This article introduces the definition and recipients of DHM, the process of its use and the benefits of DHM for high-risk newborns.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 6-9.
Breastfeeding has many benefits for maternal and infant health, as well as for the growth and development of infants. This article introduces the bioactive components with clearly defined physiological functions in human milk, reviews recent advances in understanding their roles in promoting the mechanisms of infant gut health, discusses the current applications of major bioactive components in human milk within the pharmaceutical field, and highlights the challenges faced, which can provide references for the development and utilization of human milk bioactive components.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 10-14.
Objective: Donated human milk (DHM) is a safe alternative in the absence of mother's own milk. The aim of this study was to investigate the current situation of donor breastfeeding in the Neonatal Ward of Shanghai Children's Hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect the medical records of preterm infants admitted to our hospital within 24 hours after birth from 2017 to 2021 and to analyze the feed of DHM during their hospitalization, including donor breastfeeding rates, duration of feeding, and percentage of feeding. Results: A total of 2 831 preterm babies who met the inclusion criteria were admitted over the 5-year period, of whom 1 080 (38.1%) had received DHM feeding. The majority of DHM-fed preterm infants (54.7%) were born at gestational age (GA) ≤32 weeks. DHM-fed preterm infants with GA ≤32 weeks and >32-37 weeks were 591 and 489, and the rates of DHM feeding were 71.7% (591/824) and 24.4% (489/2 007), respectively. Up to 80.6% (870/1 080) of preterm infants started feeding with DHM within 3 days of birth. Seventy-point nine percent of premature infants with GA ≤32 weeks used DHM as their first milk, with a feeding duration of 23 days (13, 38); 20.1% of GA >32-37 weeks premature infants were fed with DHM as their first milk for 12 days (7, 21). The primary indication for DHM feeding was prematurity; other indications included congenital intestinal malformations and cardiac malformations, and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis refeeding, etc. Conclusion: DHM is mainly used in preterm neonates in our hospital. The advent of breast milk banking has dramatically changed breastfeeding practices in the Neonatal Ward.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 15-20.
As the first human milk bank in Shanghai, Shanghai Children's Hospital adopts refined management for the collection, distribution and quality management of donor human milk, and carries out management, process reengineering and continuous improvement of the quality control system from the five basic elements of “4M1E”, which provides not only high-quality services for milk donors, but also safer nutritional support for preterm infant who need donor milk.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 21-23.
This article introduces the “feeding” love action voluntary service mode explored by the Shanghai Children's Hospital Human Milk Bank in the past decade, including its construction and practical outcomes, aiming to provide references for the operation and management of more human milk banks and collectively promote the development of human milk banks.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 24-28.
A case of a 21-year-old male patient first visited the department of pulmonary and critical care medicine of our hospital in September 2017 due to “recurrent chest tightness and wheezing for over 11 years, with exacerbation lasting over one month”. The patient had suffered from chronic respiratory symptoms for more than 18 years, with recurrent episodes and poor treatment outcomes at external hospitals. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) was diagnosed at our hospital. Following standardized therapy, his symptoms were stable, but cystic lung lesions in the lungs became more and more aggravated. After repeated clinical communication with the patient, we found that the patient had obstructive vas deferens. Biallelic mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene were confirmed by peripheral blood whole-exome sequencing (WES), leading to multi-system organ involvement. An individualized treatment plan was formulated after multidisciplinary collaborative consultation, and the patient's condition remains stable and is still being followed up regularly.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 29-37.
Eczema is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease that affects individuals across all age groups and significantly impairs patients' quality of life. It presents in various forms, each characterized by distinct clinical symptoms and features. Accurate assessment of eczema severity and treatment efficacy is crucial for guiding clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes. Therefore, selecting appropriate assessment tools in clinical research and practice is essential for precise evaluation and effective monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic responses. This review systematically retrieves and summarizes assessment scales for evaluating the severity of eczema lesions and treatment outcomes, including physician-reported and patient-reported instruments for both common and specific types of eczema, aiming to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive perspective on eczema evaluation, while highlighting the importance of personalized and precise application of assessment tools in disease management.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 38-40.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between tacrolimus intra-individual variability (IPV) and post-heart transplant outcomes. Methods: Clinical data from 98 heart transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a high IPV group (n=34) and a low IPV group (n=64) based on corrected blood concentration fluctuations. The blood concentration (C0) and daily dose of tacrolimus, the cardiac function, the incidences of infection, rejection and mortality after surgery were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in the average blood concentration and daily dose of tacrolimus and the cardiac function parameters (LVEF, LVESD, LVEDD) at 3 or 12 months post-transplant (all P>0.05). The high IPV group had higher IPV levels and postoperative infection rate and at least once occurrence of C0<8 ng/mL or >12 ng/mL, however, there were no statistically significant differences in rejection or mortality rates (all P>0.05). Conclusion: High intra-individual variability of tacrolimus is a risk factor for increased post-operative infection in heart transplant recipients but has no significant impact on rejection or mortality.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 41-43.
Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and hemodynamic safety of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) combined with adjunctive radiofrequency ablationn (RFA) in patients with varicose veins of lower extremity (VVLE). Methods: Ninety-one VVLE patients were randomly allocated to either a control group (46 cases) or a study group (45 cases). The control group received UGFS and the study group underwent UGFS combined with RFA. The efficacy, pain score, hemodynamic parameters and coagulation function were compared between the two groups. Results: The study group demonstrated a significantly higher overall efficacy rate, along with significantly lower VAS scores and improved coagulation parameters compared to the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences in hemodynamic values were observed between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: UGFS combined with RFA demonstrates significant clinical efficacy for treating VVLE, with reduced pain scores, improved coagulation parameters, and minimal impact on hemodynamic parameters.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 44-47.
Objective: To investigate the effect of acid ice stimulation therapy combined with tongue pressure resistance feedback training on the eating condition of patients with swallowing disorder after stroke. Methods: The clinical data from 92 patients with dysphagia after stroke were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods. Both groups were given tongue pressure resistance feedback training, the treatment group was additionally treated with acid ice stimulation therapy, and the treatment was lasted for 4 weeks. The clinical effect of two groups was observed. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate was higher, while food intake, laryngeal rise, food residue, aspiration symptom score, and swallowing duration were significantly lower and surface EMG maximum amplitude was significantly higher in the treatment group than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acid ice stimulation therapy combined with tongue pressure resistance feedback training can significantly improve the eating status of patients with swallowing disorder after stroke.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 48-51.
Objective: To investigate the risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with multiple cerebral infarction complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A 1:3 matched case-control study was performed, which enrolled patients with multiple cerebral infarction and T2DM admitted to the Department of Neurology at Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. The case group included 59 patients with pulmonary infection, and the control group included 177 uninfected patients. Risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The case group had significantly longer hospital stays (median: 13 d vs 9 d, P<0.001) and higher incidences of admission-related choking (57.63% vs 22.03%), disturbance of consciousness (16.95% vs 1.69%), gastric tube indwelling (71.19% vs 6.78%), hypoproteinemia (32.20% vs 6.21%), and gastrointestinal bleeding (28.81% vs 5.65%) compared to the control group (all P<0.001). Multivariate regression revealed that prolonged hospitalization (OR=1.549, 95% CI 1.269-1.889), gastric tube indwelling (OR=25.609, 95% CI 7.066-92.813), admission-related choking (OR=4.578, 95% CI 1.667-12.572), and disturbance of consciousness (OR=9.079, 95% CI 1.409-58.503) were the independent risk factors for pulmonary infection (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Great attention should be paid to hospital stay, gastric tube management and patients' consciousness and swallowing function. Targeted interventions may reduce the risk of pulmonary infection in the patients.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 52-56.
Objective: To analyze and evaluate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Methods: A total of 85 neonates with suspected RDS were enrolled. All patients underwent both lung ultrasound and chest X-ray examination after admission. The diagnostic coincidence rate and complication detection rate were compared between different examination methods using clinical manifestations as the reference standard. Results: Fifty-six neonatal children with RDS were clinically diagnosed. Lung ultrasound showed significantly higher clinical sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and complication detection rate compared with X-ray examination (P<0.05). Conclusion: Lung ultrasound can improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of neonatal RDS, offering strong support for timely intervention and better prognosis.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 57-60.
Objective: To explore the effectiveness of the “Internet+” structured treatment and health education model in the management of diabetes chronic disease. Methods: Sixty diabetic patients were randomly allocated into a control group (n=30, receiving routine care) and an observation group (n=30, receiving the “Internet+” structured treatment and health education model). Outcomes including blood glucose levels, self-management ability scores, disease awareness, quality of life and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly better outcomes in all measured indicators compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The “Internet+” structured treatment and health education mode holds clear application value in the management of diabetes chronic disease, facilitating effective self-management and improving the control of blood glucose level in the patients.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 61-64.
With the continuous development of China's pharmaceutical e-commerce and the ongoing enhancement of the regulatory system, new demands have been placed on the quality management models of traditional pharmaceutical distribution enterprises. This study analyzes the essential elements required for pharmaceutical distribution enterprises engaged in online drug retail activities and explores key quality control points in light of changes in pharmaceutical business models. Under the current regulatory environment, enterprises should focus on strengthening information systems, online trading platforms, and pharmaceutical services to ensure regulatory compliance in online drug sales, accelerate the restructuring of the pharmaceutical supply chain, and safeguard public health and medication safety.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 65-69.
With the introduction of the policy of “Internet Plus Healthcare” and the catalyzing effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, drug distribution enterprises have rapidly expanded into the “Internet Plus” medical service field. This article summarizes the service modes employed by these enterprises in the context of “Internet Plus” healthcare, analyzes the challenges they face, and proposes corresponding improvement strategies. Drug distribution enterprises need to strengthen the study of relevant laws and policies, broaden their management approaches, standardize industry operations, and improve service quality, so as to achieve long-term development in the “Internet Plus” medical service field.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 70-73.
The validation of modernized logistics operation equipment for pharmaceuticals in Jiangxi Province was analyzed. The validation targets, definitions, and values were studied, the methods for risk management were explored, and the key validation items for conveyors, AGV carts, and computer information management systems were analyzed. Additionally, the methods for data collection and utilization analysis in validation were proposed. Meanwhile, the deficiencies in validation in pharmaceutical wholesale enterprises of Jiangxi Province were also pointed out, and the limitations of validation and the potential application of emerging technologies were discussed, thereby providing references for the effective implementation of validation work and pharmaceutical supervision.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 74-77.
Objective: To explore the role of a full-time clinical pharmacists in the postoperative management of lung transplant patients and their impact on drug dosage adjustment and therapeutic strategies. Methods: By analyzing the case data of a double lung transplant patient, the role of the pharmacists in the whole process of the comprehensive pharmaceutical care in anti-rejection drug management, infection prevention and control, drug interaction evaluation and dosage adjustment, and off-label drug use was evaluated. Results: The plasma concentrations of tacrolimus and posaconazole were effectively controlled and adverse drug reactions were reduced by the participation of pharmacist. The pharmacist recommended the use of letermovir based on drug safety and efficacy data, which effectively prevented CMV infection without significant adverse reactions. Conclusion: The professional knowledge and timely intervention of full-time clinical pharmacists can improve treatment adherence, reduce complications and enhance patient recovery and quality of life.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 78-80.
Objective: To study and analyze the antibacterial efficacy of different concentrations of bacteriostatic agent in a new bimatoprost ophthalmic solution. Methods: With other formulation components held constant, three concentrations (high, medium, and low) of benzalkonium chloride, a bacteriostatic agent, were tested for their antimicrobial activity according to the guidelines outlined in the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Results: The low concentration of benzalkonium chloride met the B standard for microbiocidal efficacy, while the medium and high concentrations achieved the A standard as per the specified criteria. Conclusion: Under the formulation conditions of the bimatoprost ophthalmic solution, varying different concentrations of benzalkonium chloride satisfy different antimicrobial activity requirements. These findings provide valuable references for the development and optimization of this pharmaceutical product.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 81-84.
Objective: To study the biosafety of prefilled syringe assemblages and their parts. Methods: Bacterial endotoxin test, sterility test, acute systemic toxicity test, cytotoxicity test, skin sensitization test, intradermal irritation test, hemolysis test, pyrogen test were performed on the assemblages and their parts in accordance with the national standard of drug packaging materials and the relevant testing methods of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition). Results: The results demonstrated that all tested components complied with the required national standards for biocompatibility. Conclusion: They have good biocompatibility as pharmaceutical packaging materials and the tested results can provide references for clinical use.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 85-92.
Objective: To explore the mechanism of action of gouteng and mint in treating cough through network pharmacology methods. Methods: The chemical components of gouteng and mint were retrieved by the TCMSP database, the targets of active ingredients were predicted, and disease genes were obtained from GeneCards and other databases. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed using the Metascape database. Results: Forty-three active ingredients, 717 active ingredient targets, 1 451 disease genes, and 212 drug disease intersection genes were screened out. Ten key targets including TNF, SRC and AKT1 were found by protein-protein interaction, and a total of 2 592 entries and 221 signaling pathways were also found by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Conclusion: This study reveals the mechanism of the synergistic treatment of cough with gouteng and mint and can provide a certain basis for the future clinical use of them in the treatment of cough.
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Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal. 2025, 46(3): 93-96.
The roses have numerous varieties and are widely cultivated, but the medicinal rose market is also filled with many confusing products. To standardize the medicinal origin of Rosa rugosa, this article investigated the planting varieties of Rosa rugosa in the main producing areas of medicinal roses through field investigation and literature reviews and analyzed the medicinal suitability of different roses based on the comparative study of the biological and pharmaceutical quality characteristics of different varieties. The varieties of intraspecific hybridization like “Fenghua” and “Rosa rugosa cv. plena”, which have traits that align with Chinese Pharmacopoeia, are recommended for propagation and promotion as medicinal rose varieties. On the other hand, hybrids like “Zizhi”, “Kushui”, along with those resembling Rosa chinensis Jacq, which have similar morphologies but are actually crossbred with other plants of the genus Rosa, should not be used as medicinal Rosa rugosa.
